I would agree if there is a way to effectively test, then do it. The article references IAAF requirements. Those were dropped in 2021 due to side effects and other complications. The challenge though is the varying degrees of it in female athletes......cannot really have a 1 size fits all. If there was a way to gauge a normal range for one and compare it to where they are prior to the start of the Olympics or other world championships, maybe??? These athletes train year round though and the training cycles they go through would make it difficult to find a good time or place in their training. The next thought would be to see a consistent level prior to a given competition. Don't know the answers there; it's slightly above my pay grade.
I would also agree that many countries have cheated to gain medals. But are those countries secular? or strict Muslim countries like Algeria? I would not put it past them to cheat within a given sport, but to have a male compete as a female? My limited knowledge of Muslims still tells me that is a HUGE no. The cheating aspect is why I am not a supporter of trans athletes......full disclosure, trans women competing against women. I say that because I think we all agree there just would not be an advantage for a trans man to compete against men because of the disadvantages. Lia Thomas comes to mind. I think that whole thing was "her" trying to achieve at a higher level than what they competed at as a male.
That said, like you, I too think these are important discussions to have. Far too long the thinking has been over simplified; that xx simply means someone is female, and xy means they are male. But there are enough cases where that is not the case and needs to be recognized. It becomes a political hot topic when a candidate mentions gender affirming care. As the article you mentioned shows there are other health issues that come with people who happen to be xy with female anatomical features, and xx with male anatomical features.